An editorial comment: Where Have All the Pireps Gone?
I hope you don't mind a personal observation, but when I laid this issue on
the scanner, as is usually the case, the magazine brought forth lots of memories
attached to it. First, of course, was getting to fly my good friend Patty Wagstaff's
airplane. The second thought, however, is that the above is the last cover I
shot for Air Progress. After 25 years and over 200 covers, we parted ways, and
a few months later, they closed their doors. No, my leaving had nothing to do
with their eventual demise. It was the publishing business that cut its throat.
As I look at that cover I can't help but think how things have changed over
the years. All the time I spent working with Air Progress, I knew if I ran across
an interesting or exciting airplane, I could be guaranteed that they'd want
the story. Today, I wouldn't know where to go with an article like this. There
are no magazines running pilot reports on unusual airplanes. Oh sure, you can
see all the Cessna/Piper/Beech reports you want, but none of the Walter Mitty
type stuff that we did so much of in Air Progress.
Our theory was that lots of pilots and enthusiasts want to know how the different airplanes fly, so for nearly three decades we gave them what they wanted. I did 250-300 pilot reports from 1968 to 2004. The last magazine that was interested in antique/homebuilt/warbird pilot reports was EAA's Sport Aviation, but now even they don't want them. So, that's what Airbum.com is all about: flying airplanes (and a bunch of other neat sh*t). If you're reading this, I appreciate your coming onboard and proving that people still like to ride along and see what it's like to fly neat flying machines.
Incidentally, I'm trying something new on this pirep. I'll keep the photos
fairly small so the file loads quickly, but I'll link the small photos, so you
can click on it and get a bigger view. Incidentally, don't forget that these
are scans out of magazines, so may not be as sharp as what you're used to seeing.
SOMETHING
EXTRA! We
fly Patty Wagstaff's mind-bending Extra 260 By
Budd Davisson
The
two transparent tubes down by my right knee showed exactly how much
fuel was in the main tank and the auxiliary acrobatic tank. Frowning,
I sighed with frustration, I thought, "Dammit, I'm going to have
to take it back to her because there isn't enough fuel to get so far
away she won't be able to track me down." In
the worst way, I did not want to give the Extra 260 back to Patty Wagstaff,
who was patiently -- and probably anxiously --- waiting for me back
at Blairstown Airport. Patty had turned me loose to frolic in her
one-of-a-kind Sukhoi Killer, and I had fallen madly in love with this
unbelievable acrobatic hot rod.
Most
of the airshow-going world by this time at least knows what an Extra
300 looks like, courtesy of Clint McHenry. He acrobats the hell out
of that two-place bigger brother of Wagstaff s 260. Some of the more
acrobatically enthusiastic might even know the Fxtra 230, the 200 horse
single -place Extra often mistakingly thought of
as a Laser clone --- which it definitely isn't. Patty's
airplane is the best of the two. It's basically the smaller airplane with a modified wing and 300 hp engine.
The aircraft is, however, the only one in the States and, therefore,
something of a secret - or at least it was until the 1991 airshow and
competition season. By
the time you are reading this, any aerobatic enthusiast will have already
seen Wagstaffs throttle-to-the-wall, floor-to-ceiling hyperkinetic
aerobatic show. When I strapped on Patty's airplane, the craft was still
new to the circuit and I wasn't certain what to expect, and, had I seen
even one of her shows, I would have known I was in for the ride of my
life. As it was, I was treated to the delightful experience of self-discovery
and was allowed to saddle up the best behaved, highest-spirited
thoroughbred in the stable and told simply to go play. And I did! Those
who have not seen Patty's show are going to be first impressed
by the show with its rudely artistic geometry and the razor-like precision.
Secondly, they will be taken aback when Patty opens the canopy and steps
out. The image of the flight and the image of the young lady seem at
odds. Where the show is frenetic and nearly brutal, the pilot is
a pretty and petite lady with none of the visible savagery she demonstrates
in the air. Patty is also only seen by her public after she's been standing
out on the ramp for several hours. This, of course, always ensures the
appropriate airshow look - sunburned, windblown and tired. Patty appears
to be an interesting contradiction: On the one hand, there is an initial
almost-shyness which fades to a broad smile once the ice is broken.
Once strapped in, however, the tigress comes out to play.
When
asked where she was born and raised, she flashes that million-dollar
smile, which some smart advertising agency ought to pick up on, and
says, "nowhere and everywhere." She is referring to her background
as an Air Force brat moving from location to location around the world,
but she admits if she feels homesick, it is for Japan where she spent
her high school years while her father was flying in the Air Force. Patty's initial in-cockpit aviation experience was on her father's lap at the controls of a B-25 (we're not going to ask how that came about, but a base commander somewhere is scratching his head). She then lived around the edges of aviation since everyone in her family is involved one way or another. She didn't actually start to learn to fly until she married Bob Wagstaff. The two of them were probably drawn together by their mutual interest in living life a bit differently than most. Bob
was originally a lawyer in Kansas City who decided it was time for a
change, so he moved about as far out of the state as he could to set
up practice - Anchorage, Alaska. Already a pilot, he encouraged Patty
to learn to fly and she, with her lifetime's immersion in the industry,
moved quickly through the ratings to become an instructor in the Anchorage
area. She came into flying competitive aerobatics in 1984 when she flew
her first airplane, a Decathlon, all the way down to Fond du Lac, Wisconsin.
This was not only her first competition, but the first time she had
even seen an aerobatic box. The Decathlon was quickly replaced by a
Pitts S-1S and then an S-1T - the final single place variant in the
butt-kicking, round-wing Pitts tribe. As the Unlimited class become
more and more dominated by monoplanes (specifically the Laser 200
variations), she looked around and latched onto the Extra 230 as the
logical hardware to beat the Lasers. By this time, she was doing battle
with the best pilots in the world and qualified for the World's
Team in 1985. By the time she qualified
for the World Team, she had been flying contests only one year and had
not yet won the nationals. She has received her share of awards, including
both the Betty Skelton and Rolly Cole awards but, in 1991, she won the
most important award when she was the overall winner of the national
contest. It's important to understand she didn't win the women's
division, which doesn't exist. She won all the marbles. She beat
them all–men and women both– to become national champ. Possibly
the best indication of Patty's attitude toward life in general
and competition in particular is the placard in the middle
of her instrument panel which states "Kick Ass:" She doesn't
like being second. And she doesn't like flying airplanes that are anything
but the very best. She's willing to pay the price required to be
the best and fly the best. The price is not only goodsized sums
of cash, but a grotesque amount of time. Although
many who had flown her original Extra 230 considered it to be one of
the best balanced acrobatic airplanes in the world, Patty had seen the
Sukhois fly and knew she was going to need something with more performance
and lots more power for increased vertical performance. By this
time, Walter Extra was flying the six-cylinder Lycoming IO-540-powered
260 as his own personal acrobatic mount in contests in Germany,
and Patty saw the plane had definite potential to do some serious butt-kicking. Beginning
in 1990 and working through Brian Becker at Pompano Air Center in Fort
Lauderdale, Florida, negotiations were begun and the airplane changed
its citizenry and received a few modifications along the way.
Acrobatic specials like the 260 are never actually finished. After receiving the airplane and having a flutter test performed by Carl Pascarell, she moved the airplane to her winter base at Tucson, Arizona, where she spends at least half of the year, most of it either practicing or tinkering with her airplanes. There, the airplane received a few more refinements before hitting the airshow, trail at the beginning of the 1991 season. And then we pick up the story at the point where I was trying to figure out the best way to steal her airplane. To
picture the scenario, you first have to adjust to a few basic numbers
and then try to picture the cockpit. Here is an airplane with a 26-foot
wing, over 300 horsepower, yet only weighs 1150 pounds. All that horsepower
is fed out into the slipstream by a three-blade composite MT constant-speed
prop. The airplane carries a total of 45 gallons of fuel, 10.5 of it
in the header tank that has the flop tube and is the only tank used
for serious aerobatics. The
instrument panel is, as would be expected, as well instrumented
as an akro bird can be, which is to say there isn't much. Although the
weight of avionics hurts the airplane in competition, it certainly makes
life a lot easier on cross-countries, which is where it spends most
of its time. Fortunately, Patty is sponsored by II Morrow,
the world's leading manufacturer of lorans (Ed note: Wow! Remember
those?), so the craft has the top-of-the-line loran. When
I saddled the airplane up on the ground, I was vaguely bothered by the
unusual tubing structure that crosses the cockpit over the top of the
control stick. The tubing is there to beef up the cockpit area, which
is always a weak spot in any acrobatic airplane. Unfortunately, it seems
to separate the pilot from the instrument panel and I was constantly
reaching over or under to get at something. Given the choice of easy
mag switch access or a strong fuselage, I'd pick the fuselage option
every time. At 6,000 feet on a crystal blue spring day, absolutely
none of the foregoing made any difference. The only thing that counted
was the way this airplane felt and flew. And boy, does it fly! Among
other things, at that altitude and 23 square, I was indicating
190 miles per hour! Patty says she flight plans 190 knots cross-country
and almost always gets it. With performance like that, airshows suddenly
seem much closer. On
the short trip out to the aerobatic area, I was already in serious "like"
with the airplane, if not out-and-out in love, simply because of
the airplane's control harmony. The ailerons are very quick to
respond, meaning the second the ailerons were deflected the airplane
immediately gave me the roll rate that amount of stick deflection called
for. All that response and roll acceleration was at the expense of reasonable
breakout forces. With the stick in neutral, there was no tendency to
overcontrol or to search from one side to the other because there
is a clearly defined "notch" in stick pressures to indicate
when passing through neutral. Everything
about the airplane, from its fishbowl visibility (if you don't count
not being able to see down to the sides because of the enormous wing),
its unbelievable climb rate (which easily tops 3500 feet per minute
if you want to push), and its comfortable, only slightly supine
seating position, makes you glad to be in the cockpit. Going somewhere
isn't what the Extra 260 is all about - staying in one tight little
space and jamming it full of maneuvers is the Extra's mission in life.
As
I pushed over into level flight in the akro area, the air was so clear
I was conscious of being able to see about a trillion miles. I had to
take my eyes off the not-so-far-away skyline of New York City and mind
the business of flying someone else's mega-buck airplane. Initially,
that meant making certain I had burned off enough fuel in the rear main
tanks to get the CG into limits, before switching over to the aux tank.
With the main tanks so far back, the airplane can be CG critical, so
akro isn't attempted until the main tank is down to a given level. On
the way out to the area, I was so busy loving so many aspects of the
airplane that I had no pre-disposed plan of action. I was absolutely
positive it would be a waste of time to initially do something mundane
like a loop or an aileron roll. I yanked the nose around in two screaming,
clearing turns before pushing down to get speed for a vertical
roll. I was certain a vertical in this airplane was going to be
a serious experience. What I didn't know was that even my wildest
imagination was going to fall short. The
vertical roll gave me the two biggest surprises of the entire flight.
When I began the pull, I had no idea how much stick pressure was going
to be needed to pull a relatively tight arch, so I gingerly started
back on the stick. Immediately, I wasn't pulling tight enough, so I
gradually increased the stick pressure. As fast as the thought can flicker
across your mind, I had 7 Gs nailed on the airplane without trying.
At exactly the same point that I was beginning to increase the
back pressure, the stick force actually got lighter and it became easier
to pull G. In other words, the stick force gradient is not linear -
it falls off as the G-load goes up, making it ridiculously easy to inadvertently
hammer a lot of Gs on the airplane, which I did. I was looking for 5-1/2
to 6 and would up with a shade over 7. The
airplane established the vertical with almost no help from me. Watching
the attitude indicators out on the wings, I lined them up with the horizon
and slammed in the left aileron to see if I could make that wingtip
track the horizon, which on this particular day was a clearly defined
line out about 50 miles. Surprise number two! I
actually heard myself say, "Holy S---!" out loud, I was so
surprised. Up to that point, I had only used normal aileron displacements
in doing 70- and 80-degree banked turns. When I put the aileron against
my leg, or at least tried to, the airplane ripped around so quickly
and with such instant response, that the inertia of my hand actually
caused the stick to come off the leg and back toward neutral, slowing
the roll rate noticeably. Roll acceleration was so high, a full deflection
roll was almost violent. Instinctively,
I put aileron back in and could not believe how easily the airplane
changed roll rate while still going straight up. Long before I was expecting
it, my reference point showed and I had to get the stick back in
the center or I was going to go ripping past the point. While still
laying on my back and pointing straight up, I glanced down at the
airspeed while waiting for the airplane to slow down. Then I waited,
and waited - and then waited some more before pounding on the left rudder
for a not particularly competition-quality hammerhead. As soon as the
nose was down, I went for more speed - I wanted to do some more of those
verticals and play with that wildly controllable roll rate. This
time while I was in the vertical I could see a little more of what was
happening. It was positively amusing to start at a slow roll rate,
then jack up to an unbelievable rate, stop it, roll in the other direction,
do point rolls, and in general enjoy control on the vertical like I
have never experienced before. I thought I was just being wonderfully
adroit at the controls, but looking back after I was back on the ground,
I realized the airplane was so well balanced it quickly allowed me to
figure out what was going on and catch up with this amazing roll performance.
I wasn't such a wonderful pilot; it was just that the Extra 260 was
so user-friendly. I
can't even begin to retell what happened during the next 40 minutes,
since it all tends to blur together in a G-induced haze. Individual
memories, which produce akro-giggles still project into my mind. For
instance, at one point I decided to snap roll the airplane. I slowed
to what seemed to be a reasonable speed (about 120 knots) and used conventional
snap techniques. The airplane obediently broke, whizzed around
and then immediately stopped when it came back level again for what
was one of the easier to control snaps I'd ever done. The unusual
feature was that throughout the entire maneuver the nose didn't pitch
up three or four degrees. Immediately
after coming out of the snap roll, I let the Extra accelerate for a
second before doing a full deflection, nose-on-the-horizon slow roll
and realized from my perspective it was very difficult to tell one from
the other because the nose attitudes and roll rates are similar. Judges
must have a terrible time telling a slow roll from a snap! One
interesting and consistent pilot induced glitch I couldn't cure
was that on every outside loop I did, whether from the top or the bottom,
I'd gain about 20 degrees of heading. I never did exactly figure out
what I was doing wrong. There was either too much or not enough rudder,
but I am going to have to play more to figure it out. The
airplane ignores gravity and doesn't seem to care where the nose is
in rolling maneuvers, so one of my other problems was keeping from aerobaticing
right up into controlled airspace. I'm so used to bringing the
nose up slightly to do many maneuvers that I would start out at
4000 feet and then suddenly be at 8000 feet.
After
about 20 minutes, I found I wasn't paying any attention to whether I
was going up or down, since any amount of speed combined with full
power allowed me to do any maneuver. I got a huge kick out of being
dead level, with the nose on the horizon and shoving the throttle to
the stop. I'd wait a second until it was passing through 200 mph, flip
the Extra on its back without even bothering to bring the nose up and
then push it up into a vertical roll. Then I'd let the plane hang there
for a while before pulling off the top to fly away inverted When
making our arrangements to get together, Patty and I had had some discussion
on how big a runway she needed for the Extra and she said narrow runways
are a problem because of visibility. Knowing I was going to have to
fly the airplane, I offered to meet her over at Blairstown which was
a 70-foot-wide runway. This is 20 feet wider than our home field and
doesn't have landing lights sticking up like a picket fence along the
sides. Even as I was strapping the airplane on, I know that had been
a wise decision, and the more I flew the airplane the wiser the decision
became. Sitting on the ground, the visibility around the nose is about
as good as you get with most tailwheel airplanes. That's not the problem.
The problem is the wing. The pilot sits so far back in the fuselage
that the leading edge of the wing effectively blocks off all but a fairly
small amount of the runway. And this is something that was in the
back of my mind as I begrudgingly brought the power back and headed
back toward the airport. Patty
was new enough to the airplane that she was still working out her landing
techniques and gave me a couple of basic guidelines, including fly short
final at 100 mph and carry just a little bit of power into the flare.
Since neither one of us knew if that was absolutely correct or not,
as I came on a downwind I opted to fly an approach not unlike I would
in a Pitts, which includes a power-off, turning approach. As I bent
around and came down to the centerline, it became obvious the 70-foot-wide
runway was about as narrow as I would be comfortable with until
getting more time in the airplane because the smallest bit of runway
was visible ahead of either wing. And then I started trying to guess
where the ground was. I
had plenty of time to worry about the general location of the ground
because the airplane floated like a T-Craft and just didn't want to
come down. When it finally did come down, it was with an unceremonious
thump, as all three gear found the runway at the same time. I
let the Extra roll a little while and satisfied myself that it
was at least as stable on roll-out as a Citabria before dropping the
hammer to go around. I wasn't particularly happy with the landing
and I was also farther down the runway than I wanted to be. On
the next two approaches I tried slower speeds with just a little
bit of power in the flare and
they bordered on the ridiculous since the airplane wanted to stay up
like a glider with the spoilers in. On both of those, I touched the
ground just briefly to let the airport know I had been there, then dropped
the hammer to come around in a
fourth approach that was more like the first, only slower. This
one worked out much better and, although the touchdown wasn't superslick,
it was still straight with no bounce. Once
on the pavement, the landing is anticlimactic since the Extra rolls
absolutely straight ahead and decelerates beautifully. I
found in the air that the airplane stalled somewhere in the low 60s,
which means I was approaching way, way too fast. I would like to go
out and spend an afternoon playing with the airplane to see if
I didn't feel better flying in a steeper, slipping approach at a slower
speed. Patty says now that she's been flying the airplane for nearly
a year she brings it in much slower than she did at the beginning. At
this point, I have to begrudgingly admit that I'm one of the few
aerobatic pilots in America who hasn't flown the highly touted Sukhoi
Su-26M, so I can't give a direct comparison. Practically everybody I
know has flown the Russian craft and they have said the same thing:
The Sukhoi really performs but requires a lot of technique to fly
well. So even though it may outperform the Extra 260, it takes
much longer to feel at home in the cockpit. Patty's airplane didn't
act that way at all. The
Extra 260 is a pleasing combination of thoroughly conventional control
and performance parameters, but the decimal point has been moved over
on every single one of those parameters. The Extra climbs faster, rolls
quicker, and pitches more rapidly, than practically every airplane
in the world but it doesn't require the pilot get a brain implant to
enable figuring out the sequence of events. |